Accidents in blood and blood product transfusion practice at B Department of Hai Phong Pediatric Hospital

Background: Blood and blood products are biological products that can not be replaced. Blood transfusion plays an enormous role in the treatment. However, in blood transfusion patients may have severe complications that can lead to death.\r\n', u'Objective: to describe accidents in blood and blood product transfusion practice. Subjects and method: The prospective, clinically descriptive study was carried out on 134 patients with 175 times of blood and blood transfusion at B Department of Hai Phong Pediatric Hospital from 1/1/2004 to 30/06/2008. Each time of transfusion was followed up according to an uniform medical record. Results and conclusion: Amount of blood used was 40.95 lit including total blood: 10.75 lit (26.6%), red cells mass: 28.85 lit (63.2%), fresh plasma 2.45 lit (5.8%), platelet rich fresh plasma rich: 1.9 lit (4.6%). Number of accidents occurring were 20, accounting for 14.1%. Patients with acute leukemia had the highest of incidence rate for transmission accidents (12.5%). Three kinds of the most frequently encountered blood and blood product transfusion accidents were high fever and chill (6.9%), rash (4%) and shock (0.5%). There were no deaths from blood transfusion. Accidents happened mainly to patients who get transfused many times.\r\n', u'

The effectiveness of natri valproate in treatment of 238 children with grand mal seizure epilepsy at Hai Phong children hospital

Background:Seizure epilepsy is a social disease and appear at all age in most of countries. The rate of seizure epilepsy is increasing account for 10% of all cases.Objectives:This study aims to learn about the effectiveness of natri valproate in treatment of 238 children with grand mal seizure epilepsy at Hai Phong children hospital. Subjects and method: A retrospective and prospective study was conducted on 238 children with grandmal seizure epilepsy treated by natri valproate at Hai Phong Children Hospital from December 2005 to April 2007. Results:A complete remission rate was 87.8%, uncompleted remission in 10.1 % and non - responsive in 2.1 % after 15 days of treatment. After 6 months of treatment, a complete remission was seen in 92.5%, uncompleted remission in 6.1 % and non - responsive in 1.4% The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed paroxystic electric discharge in 71.9% of patients before treatment and in 32.1 % after treatment. Conclusion: In general, natri valproate was well tolerated in children. However, there were some complications and side effects such as somnolence and fatigue (23.6%), digestive disorder (5.7%), weight increase (4.7%), alopecia (2.8%), tremor (1.4%) but these complications and side effects were frequently mild and can be controlled.

Research of pH and specific gravity of urine on 3724 healthy children aged from 2 months to 6 years old

Background: Research of pH and specific gravity of urine in healhty children is nessecary in order to evaluate urine in children with neurology. Objectives:This study aims to estimate pH and specific gravity in healthy children aged from 2 months to 6 years old. Subjects and method: 3724 healthy children ( boy: 52,6% and girl: 47.4%) aged from 2 months to 6 years old located in 3 districts: Kien Thuy, Thuy Nguyen, Kien An of Hai Phong were enrolled in the descriptive and cross-sectional study using urianalysis of midstream urine samples in the morning by analyzer Model 101-Teco from USA. The data was collected and analysed bysocial statistic SPSS software. Results: - pH mean in boys was 5.38\xb10.62, in girls: 5.40\xb10.61, and both sexes: 5.39\xb10.62. In general, urine pH decreased according to age groups but there were no sex differences significantly. - Specific gravity mean of healthy boys was 1.018\xb10.007, of girls: 1.018\xb10.006 and both sexes: 1.018\xb10.007. Conclusion: In general, specific gravity increased according to age groups but no sex differences may significantly be found.

Ultrasound kidney dimension and the correlation of kidney length and age, weight and height of children aged from 6 to 8 years old

Background:The dimension and function of kidney have close relationship. In the developing countries, the index on kidney dimension of children has rather fully studied. In Viet Nam, most of studies only conducted on adults. Objectives:This study aims to determine the ultrasound kidney dimension and the correlation of kidney length and age, weight and height of children aged from 6 to 8 years old. Subjects and method: The data was obtained from a prospective study on 180 normal children at age from 6 to 8 years. Each kidney was measured length, width , thickness, and parenchymal thickness, and the mean values were recorded. The relationship of kidney length with age, body weight, body height were also taken. Results: Kidney dimension was increased by age. The average ultrasound kidney dimension:+ Right kidney: At 6 years old: Boy: length: 72.8\xb14; width: 31.2\xb13 ; thickness: 33.9\xb12 ; Girl: length: 69.8\xb15; width: 30.4\xb12 ; thickness: 32.7\xb12. At 7 years old: Boy: length: 75.2\xb14; width: 31.9\xb12; thickness: 33.8\xb13; Girl: length: 75.8\xb15; width: 32.0\xb12; thickness: 32.9\xb14; + Left kidney: At 6 years old: Boy: length: 73.9\xb15; width: 33.7\xb13 ; thickness: 34.9\xb12 ; Girl: length: 71.1\xb14; width: 32.4\xb13 ; thickness: 32.4\xb16. At 7 years old: Boy: length: 77.7\xb13; width: 33.8\xb13 ; thickness:34.7\xb12; Girl: length: 76.9\xb17; width: 32.0\xb12; thickness: 33,9\xb15; The kidney length, kidney weight, kidney volume of boys were bigger than girls, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The kidney length correlated strongly and positively with body weight, body height and age.

Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in children in Hai Phong Pediatric Hospital

According to the study on 507 children with PNS have been treated within the past 10 years (1990-1999), PNS is mainly seen at school age. Number of boys suffered from this is 2.5 times higher than that of girls. All of patients are suffered from oedema, mostly simple oedema (91.9%), and complex oedema (8.09%). Proteinuria is increased very highly serum protein and albumin levels is strongly decreased, serum cholesterol levels is increased very highly; serum urea and creatinine levels is within normal limit, serum natri, kali, calcium levels are decreased, serum chlorine levels is within normal limit. Blood formula: amount of leukocyte is increased, both neutrophile and lymphocyte. Hemoglobin is decreased; the speed of blood concentration is increased very highly. Treatment: most patients were responded to steroid. Ratio of complete remission is 77.93%, partial remission is 9.57% and 12.5% failed to respond.

Antibiotic resistance of common pathogenic bacteria isolated from Hai Phong pediatric Hospital in 2003 \ufffd?2004 year period

Background: Bacteria are among the common pathogens in Vietnam and other developing countries. Antibiotics are effective in the treatment, but the antibiotics gradually become ineffective due to drug resistance of bacteria, especially in children..\r\n', u'Objectives: Determine the root cause bacterial infections and often determine the extent of antibiotic resistance of common pathogenic bacteria isolated in Hai Phong pediatric Hospital.\r\n', u'Subjects and method: At Microorganism Department of Hai Phong pediatric Hospital from January 2003 to December 2004, 558 trains of common pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from 0 -15 year old children clinical samples such as: blood, pus, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, stool...These samples of isolated microorganisms were also tested on their sensitiveness to several antibiotics.\r\n', u'Results:Findings showed that the 3 most frequently recognized bacterier out of 11 antibiotic sensitive tested species were: streptococcus pneumoniae (20.61%), neisseria (18.1%), E.coli (15.95%); and the most resisted antibiotics included: Co-trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol and Ampiciline. The staph was resistant to general Chlora, phenicol, Co-trimoxazol, and also sensitive to cefotacim, Amikacin. In the bacillus bacteria tested were resistant blue latex all, only works with Amikacin.\r\n', u'Conclusion: Its also found that every kind of tested bacterium had got various levels of sensitivity to different of antibiotics.\r\n', u'

Growth and disease status of the street children in 4 urban districts in Ha noi

In Dec/1998 we surveyed growth and disease status of the street children at four districts of Hanoi. Objective of this survey is: searching for growth and status, thereby, proposing some measures to interfere in order to raise their health, help the street children to intergrate into the community. The results showed that there were 425 children from 5-18 ages, in which : 252 males and 173 females. For physical growth: average weight and height of the street children were lower than these normal children at the same age. The disease pattern showed that majority of them was suffering from otorhinolaryngeal disease and respiratory disease (56.6%) among which mainly as upper respiratory disease. Gastroenterology disease (56.6%) among which mainly as upper respiratory disease. Gastroenterology disease (56.2%) mainly as digestive disorder and clinical worm disease. Odonto-stomatological disease (51%), mainly as caries. Eye disease (22.2%). mainly as trachoma and conjunctivitis. Skin infection (16.5%). Malnutrition (14.3%), anemia(11.8%). Disease of muscles, bones and joints (8%). Urinary tract infection (4,2%), goiter (2,3%), mental disorder (0,9%), epilepsy(0.9%), paralytic poliomyelitis (0.9%), cerebral palsy(0.2%) congenital heart disease (0,5%). From that, it requires suitable consideration and measures to improve the situation.